Kapur is a tropical hardwood species belonging to the Dryobalanops genus, which is part of the Dipterocarpaceae family. It is widely recognized for its durability, resistance to insects, and strong aromatic properties, making it a preferred choice for construction, flooring, and outdoor applications. Some of the most common species classified as Kapur include:
Dryobalanops aromatica
Dryobalanops oblongifolia
Dryobalanops lanceolata
Distribution
Kapur is native to the tropical rainforests of Southeast Asia, thriving in regions with high humidity and abundant rainfall. Its natural distribution includes:
Malaysia – Found extensively in Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, and Sarawak.
Indonesia – Grows in Sumatra, Borneo, and Kalimantan.
Brunei – Naturally present in lowland forests.
These trees can reach impressive heights of 150–200 feet (45–60 meters), with trunk diameters up to 6 feet (1.8 meters). Kapur typically grows in well-drained, lowland dipterocarp forests and is often found alongside other hardwood species such as Meranti and Keruing.
Color and Appearance
Kapur is valued for its attractive grain, smooth texture, and distinct color variations, making it a sought-after hardwood for both structural and decorative applications:
Heartwood: Reddish-brown to light brown, sometimes with darker streaks. It deepens in color over time with exposure to light and air.
Sapwood: Pale yellow to light gray, forming a clear contrast with the heartwood.
Grain and Texture: Straight to interlocked grain, with a moderate to coarse texture and a natural luster.
Aromatic Properties: Freshly cut Kapur emits a strong camphor-like scent, which is known to repel insects and termites.
Kapur is a moderately heavy and dense hardwood, making it highly resistant to decay, termites, and fungal attacks. Its high oil content enhances its weather resistance, making it suitable for exterior applications. However, it can be somewhat difficult to work with due to its interlocked grain, requiring sharp tools for precise cutting and shaping.
Ecological and Commercial Value
As a key species in Southeast Asian rainforests, Kapur plays an important ecological role in maintaining biodiversity. However, due to its high demand in construction and flooring industries, concerns about overharvesting and deforestation have emerged. Choosing FSC-certified Kapur ensures responsible and sustainable sourcing.
Commercially, Kapur is widely used in:
Structural and Heavy-Duty Construction – Ideal for beams, columns, and load-bearing structures due to its strength and durability.
Outdoor Decking and Cladding – A popular choice for decks, fences, and wall paneling due to its weather resistance.
Flooring and Interior Applications – Used in flooring, staircases, and furniture for its elegant appearance and durability.
Boatbuilding and Marine Uses – Its natural resistance to water and insects makes it suitable for boat components and docks.
Railway Sleepers and Bridges – Often used for railroad ties and bridge construction due to its high density and durability.
Kapur is a highly durable and aromatic tropical hardwood, valued for its reddish-brown hue, strong resistance to decay, and insect-repelling properties. Its extensive use in construction, flooring, and outdoor applications highlights its commercial significance, reinforcing the importance of sustainable forestry practices to ensure its long-term availability.
Reference : https://www.pinterest.com/pin/845199055061816792/
